Whenever we make a request to a specified URI through Python, it returns a response object. I didn't realise you were getting chunked content. Check that b at the start of output, it means the reference to a bytes object. I'm sorry. The basic syntax of using the Python iter () function is as follows: iterator = iter (iterable) This will generate an iterator from the iterable object. Instead it waits to read an entire chunk_size, and only then searches for newlines.This is a consequence of the underlying httplib implementation, which only allows for file-like reading semantics . So, we use the iter () function or __iter__ () method on my_list to generate an iterator object. However, setting chunk_size to 1 or None did not change the results in my case. yes, I tested against v2.11.1. b'2016-09-23T19:28:27 No new trace in the past 1 min(s). The purpose of setting streaming request is usually for media. The implementation of the iter_lines and iter_content methods in requests means that when receiving line-by-line data from a server in "push" mode, the latest line received from the server will almost invariably be smaller than the chunk_size parameter, causing the final read operation to block. The HTTP request returns a Response Object with all the response data (content, . It's not intended behavior that's being broken, it's fixing it to work as intended. At the very least this should be well documented -- I would imagine most people would just not use iter_lines if they knew about this. To iterate over each element in my_list, we need an iterator object. object -- . iter_lines takes a chunk_size argument that limits the size of the chunk it will return, which means it will occasionally yield before a line delimiter is reached. For chunked encoded responses, it's best to iterate over the data using Response.iter_content (). response.iter_content () iterates over the response.content. The above snippet shows two chunks that fetched by requests and curl from server. iter_content() Try it: Iterates over the response: iter_lines() Try it: Iterates over the lines of the response: json() Try it: Returns a JSON object of the result (if the result was written in JSON format, if not it raises an error) links: Try it: Returns the header links: next: Try it: Returns a PreparedRequest object for the next request in . acknowledge that you have read and understood our, GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Fetch top 10 starred repositories of user on GitHub | Python, Difference between dir() and vars() in Python, Python | range() does not return an iterator, Top 10 Useful GitHub Repos That Every Developer Should Follow, 5 GitHub Repositories that Every New Developer Must Follow, Adding new column to existing DataFrame in Pandas, How to get column names in Pandas dataframe, Python program to convert a list to string, Reading and Writing to text files in Python, Download and Install Python 3 Latest Version, How to install requests in Python For windows, linux, mac. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This is not a breakage, it's entirely expected behaviour. Can you confirm for me please that server really is generating the exact same chunk boundaries in each case? sentinel (optional) - A numeric value that is used to represent the end of the sequence. response.content returns the content of the response, in bytes. mkcert.org provides a \r\n at the end of each chunk too, because it's required to by RFC 7230 Section 4.1. Is there a way to make trades similar/identical to a university endowment manager to copy them? Download and Install the Requests Module. Could you help me understand? Have a question about this project? Why so many wires in my old light fixture? In this tutorial, you'll learn about downloading files using Python modules like requests, urllib, and wget. note = open ('download.txt', 'w') note.write (request) note.close () note = open ('download.txt', 'wb') for chunk in request.iter_content (100000): note.write (chunk) note.close. Some of our examples use nginx server. In general, the object argument can be any object that supports either iteration or sequence protocol. The implementation of the iter_lines and iter_content methods in requests means that when receiving line-by-line data from a server in "push" mode, the latest line received from the server will almost invariably be smaller than the chunk_size parameter, causing the final read operation to block.. A good example of this is the Kubernetes watch api, which produces one line of JSON output per . Python iter() method; Python next() method; Important differences between Python 2.x and Python 3.x with examples; Python Keywords; Keywords in Python | Set 2; Namespaces and Scope in Python; Statement, Indentation and Comment in Python; How to assign values to variables in Python and other languages; How to print without newline in Python? Stack Overflow for Teams is moving to its own domain! Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. The form of encoding used to safely transfer the entity to the user. The raw body above seems to be overcounting its chunk sizes by counting the CRLF characters in the chunk size, when it should not. Help me understand the use of iter_content and what will happen as you see I am using 1000000 bytes as chunk_size, what is the purpose exactly and results? Sign in An important note about using Response.iter_content versus Response.raw. Thanks. Python requests version The first program prints the version of the Requests library. These are the top rated real world Python examples of requests.Response.iter_content extracted from open source projects. After a bit of research I found a simple and easy way to parse XML using python. The trick is doing this in a way that's backwards compatible so we can help you out before 3.0. Requests uses urllib3 directly and performs no additional post processing in this case. Even with chunk_size=None, the length of content generated from iter_content is different to chunk_size from server. If you're using requests from PyPI, you always have urllib3 installed as requests.packages.urllib3. Non-anthropic, universal units of time for active SETI. I don't understand that at all. GET and POST Requests in GraphQL API using Python requests, How to install requests in Python - For windows, linux, mac, response.is_permanent_redirect - Python requests, response.iter_content() - Python requests, Python Programming Foundation -Self Paced Course, Complete Interview Preparation- Self Paced Course, Data Structures & Algorithms- Self Paced Course. But another \r\n should be, right? Like try to download a 500 MB .mp4 file using requests, you want to stream the response (and write the stream in chunks of chunk_size) instead of waiting for all 500mb to be loaded into python at once. For example, chunk_size of the first chunk indicate the size is 4F but iter_content only received 4D length and add \r\n to the beginning of the next chunk. If so, how is requests even working? Below is the syntax of using __iter__ () method or iter () function. Namespace/Package Name: rostestutil. This is achieved by reading chunk of bytes (of size chunk_size) at a time from the raw stream, and then yielding lines from there. It seems that my issue is related to https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/2020 . Requests works fine with https://mkcert.org/generate/. However, per my testing, requests ignored both \r\n if I understand correctly. If you can tolerate late log delivery, then it is probably enough to leave the implementation as it is: when the connection is eventually closed, all of the lines should safely be delivered and no data will be lost. $ sudo service nginx start We run Nginx web server on localhost. happily return fewer bytes than requested in chunk_size. It works as a request-response protocol between a client and a server. Requests somehow handles chucked-encoding differently as curl does. My understanding was that both should return a unicode object. The next () function is used to iterate over items in the iterable object and print . The first argument must be an iterable that yields JSON encoded strings. It would be very interesting if possible to see the raw data stream. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. The requests module allows you to send HTTP requests using Python. Let's check some examples of the python iter () method. I was able to work around this behavior by writing my own iter_lines What's the urllib3 version shipped with requests v2.11? Save above file as request.py and run using. You can rate examples to help us improve the quality of examples. Basically, it holds the last line of current content/chunk and prints it together with the next chunk of logs. my testing is running against Azure kudu server. curl by one line. In that case, can you try the latest Requests with iter_content(None)? Save above file as request.py and run using. Why is "1000000000000000 in range(1000000000000001)" so fast in Python 3? If status_code doesnt lie in range of 200-29. I've just encountered this unfortunate behavior trying to consume a feed=continuous changes feed from couchdb which has much the same semantics. BTW. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. response.iter_lines() did not print the last line of stream log. Whenever we make a request to a specified URI through Python, it returns a response object. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. It's a bug, right? If status_code doesnt lie in range of 200-29. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. 8.Urllib10. requestspythonH. Python requests Requests is a simple and elegant Python HTTP library. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Adding new column to existing DataFrame in Pandas, How to get column names in Pandas dataframe, Python program to convert a list to string, Reading and Writing to text files in Python, Different ways to create Pandas Dataframe, isupper(), islower(), lower(), upper() in Python and their applications, Python | Program to convert String to a List, Taking multiple inputs from user in Python, Check if element exists in list in Python, Download and Install Python 3 Latest Version, How to install requests in Python For windows, linux, mac, Measuring the Document Similarity in Python. Should we burninate the [variations] tag? iter_content(None) is identical to stream(None). If I use urllib3 and set accept_encoding=True, it will give me exactly what. Python requests are generally used to fetch the content from a particular resource URI. to your account. The purpose of setting streaming request is usually for media. So iter_lines has a somewhat unexpected implementation. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. We can see that iter_content get the correct data as well as CRLF but chunks them in a different way. The __iter__ () method takes an iterable object such as a list and returns an iterator object. . r.iter_lines()requestsstream=True - HectorOfTroy407 You can get the effect you want by setting the chunk size to 1. method, which looks like this: This works around the problem partly by calling os.read, which will Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, However, this will drastically reduce performance. One difference I noticed is that chunks from my testing server contains a \r\n explicitly at the end of each line(and the length of \r\n has been included in chunk length). Since iter_lines internally called iter_content, the line split differently accordingly. A Http request is meant to either retrieve data from a specified URI or to push data to a server. How to POST JSON data with Python Requests? Which makes me believe that requests skipped \r\n when iterates contents. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and Employer made me redundant, then retracted the notice after realising that I'm about to start on a new project, Two surfaces in a 4-manifold whose algebraic intersection number is zero, Best way to get consistent results when baking a purposely underbaked mud cake. Could you help me figure out what may went wrong? Example #1. Transfer-Encoding. An object which will return data, one element at a time. For example, if the size of the response is 1000 and chunk_size set to 100, we split the response into ten chunks. Already on GitHub? class jsonlines.Reader (file_or_iterable: Union[IO[str], IO[bytes], Iterable[Union[str, bytes]]], *, loads: Callable[[Union[str, bytes]], Any] = <function loads>) . This is to prevent loading the entire response into memory at once (it also allows you to implement some concurrency while you stream the response so that you can do work while waiting for request to finish). privacy statement. A second read through the requests documentation made me realise I hadn't read it very carefully the first time since we can make our lives much easier by using 'iter_lines' rather than . why is there always an auto-save file in the directory where the file I am editing? Code language: Python (python) The iter() function requires an argument that can be an iterable or a sequence. The above code could fetch and print the log successfully however its behavior was different as expected. Python iter () Method Parameters The iter () methods take two parameters as an argument: object - the name of the object whose iterator has to be returned. Syntax: requests.post(url, data={key: value}, json={key: value}, headers={key:value}, args) *(data . Basically, it refers to Binary Response content. Ok, I could repro this "issue" with urllib3. b'2016-09-23T19:25:09 Welcome, you are now connected to log-streaming service.'. @eschwartz I'm no longer involved in this project. I don't observe this problem on Python when using https://mkcert.org/generate/, where Requests generates exactly the same chunk boundaries as curl. privacy statement. How can we build a space probe's computer to survive centuries of interstellar travel? to your account. I implemented the following function to fetch stream log from server continuously. Programming Language: Python. Iterator in Python is simply an object that can be iterated upon. iter_lines (chunk_size=1024, keepends=False) Return an iterator to yield lines from the raw stream. Ok. If necessary, I can provide a testing account as well as repro steps. Navely, we would expect that iter_lines would receive data as it arrives and look for newlines. Can you also confirm for me that you ran your test on v2.11? Python requests are generally used to fetch the content from a particular resource URI. In practice, this is not what it does. Now, this response object would be used to access certain features such as content, headers, etc. How to constrain regression coefficients to be proportional, Make a wide rectangle out of T-Pipes without loops. For example, let's say there are two chunks of logs from server and the expected print: what stream_trace function printed out('a' printed as 2nd chunk and 'c' was missing). When the migration is complete, you will access your Teams at stackoverflowteams.com, and they will no longer appear in the left sidebar on stackoverflow.com. It works with the next () function. That should actually give you chunks. Does Python have a string 'contains' substring method? Now, this response object would be used to access certain features such as content, headers, etc. How often are they spotted? Have I misunderstood something? To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. This is the behaviour iter_lines has always had and is expected to have by the vast majority of requests users.. To avoid this issue, you can set the chunk_size to be very . That section says that a chunked body looks like this: Note that the \r\n at the end is excluded from the chunk size. The bug in iter_lines is real and affects at least two use cases, so great to see it destined for 3.0, thanks :). Are you using requests from one of the distribution packages without urllib3 installed? Versus the mkcert.org ones don't have. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. These are the top rated real world Python examples of rostestutil.iter_lines extracted from open source projects. When you call the iter() function on an object, the function first looks for an __iter__() method of that object.. Technically speaking, a Python iterator object must implement two special methods, __iter__ () and __next__ (), collectively called the iterator protocol. There are many libraries to make an HTTP request in Python, which are httplib, urllib, httplib2 , treq, etc., but requests is the one of the best with cool features. Transfer-Encoding: chunked . GET and POST Requests in GraphQL API using Python requests, How to install requests in Python - For windows, linux, mac, response.is_permanent_redirect - Python requests, Python Programming Foundation -Self Paced Course, Complete Interview Preparation- Self Paced Course, Data Structures & Algorithms- Self Paced Course. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. After I set headers={'Accept-Encoding': 'identity'}, iter_content(chunk_size=None, decode_unicode=False) worked as expected. We used many techniques and download from multiple sources. note that this doesn't seem to work if you don't have urllib3 installed and using r.raw means requests emits the raw chunks of the chunked transfer mode. This is to prevent loading the entire response into memory at once (it also allows you to implement some concurrency while you stream the response so that you can do work while waiting for request to finish). The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: Generally speaking I'd be in favour of changing this behaviour. Response.iter_content() request stream=True iter_content none We can simply load objects one by one using next (iterator), until we get . get('https://www.runoob.com/') # print( x. text) requests response # requests import requests # You can add headers, form data, multipart files, and parameters with simple Python dictionaries, and access the response data in the same way. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. However, when dealing with large responses it's often better to stream the response content using preload_content=False. How do I concatenate two lists in Python? You can rate examples to help us improve the quality of examples. Check that iterator object and iterators at the start of the output, it shows the iterator object and iteration elements in bytes respectively. What is a good way to make an abstract board game truly alien? yes exactly i understand now the concept , anyways can you tell me what iter_lines does ? The iter () function in the python programming language acts as an iterator object that returns an iterator for the given argument. Replacing outdoor electrical box at end of conduit. Python requests module has several built-in methods to make Http requests to specified URI using GET, POST, PUT, PATCH or HEAD requests. 2,899 2 11 Pythonrequests To download and install the requests module, open your command prompt, and navigate your PIP location and type the pip install requests command. You probably need to check method begin used for making a request + the url you are requesting for resources. If any attribute of requests shows NULL, check the status code using below attribute. @sigmavirus24 I'm having trouble understanding that. Method/Function: iter_lines. Instead it waits to read an entire chunk_size, and only then searches for newlines. C:\Program Files\Python38\Scripts>pip install requests After completion of installing the requests module, your command-line interface will be as shown below. Examples at hotexamples.com: 4. This article revolves around how to check the response.content out of a response object. Why can we add/substract/cross out chemical equations for Hess law? Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! This article revolves around how to check the response.iter_content() out of a response object. b'2016-09-23T19:27:27 Welcome, you are now connected to log-streaming service. data parameter takes a dictionary, a list of tuples, bytes, or a file-like object. When using preload_content=True (the default setting) the response body will be read immediately into memory and the HTTP connection will be released back into the pool without manual intervention. Any chance of this going in? If the __iter__() method exists, the iter() function calls it to . https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/2020, webapp: try not to use pycurl for live trace streaming. Did Dick Cheney run a death squad that killed Benazir Bhutto? You signed in with another tab or window. With the Please don't mention me on this or other issues. Are there small citation mistakes in published papers and how serious are they? Navely, we would expect that iter_lines would receive data as it arrives and look for newlines. Math papers where the only issue is that someone else could've done it but didn't, What percentage of page does/should a text occupy inkwise. The above change works for me with python 2.7.8 and 3.4.1 (both with urllib3 available). version.py Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. an excellent question but likely off-topic (I only noticed that 'pip install urllib3' installed the library, and then I uninstalled it, but of course I probably have another copy somewhere else). To other answers you to send HTTP/1.1 requests let & # x27 ; s by! ( content, headers, etc video in a way to make an abstract game. Since iter_lines internally called iter_content, the iter ( ) method takes an iterable that yields JSON encoded strings of Headers, etc of setting streaming request is usually for media boundaries in case. Of encoding used to safely transfer the entity to the data you send in wild. Agree to our terms of service and privacy statement the end \r\n of each chunk with two \r\n one.: //mkcert.org/generate/, where developers & technologists worldwide not intended behavior that 's being broken, it returns a object. For media requests and curl from server continuously requests with iter_content ( None ) is to. Nginx Web server on localhost this: Note that the problem is the syntax of using __iter__ ) Getting chunked content trick is doing this in a player, with the use of available chunk data. Function is used to safely transfer the entity to the specified URL Refactor helper and parameterize functional tests the to Our tips on writing great answers go away if you 're using requests PyPI. ) method exists, the python requests iter_lines vs iter_content argument can be any object that supports iteration. N'T realise you were getting chunked content I did n't realise you were getting chunked.! We can simply load objects one by one using next ( iterator ), b'2016-09-20T10:12:09 Welcome, need Reading in memory when stream=True returns the content of the distribution packages without python requests iter_lines vs iter_content installed - post request with.! Your test on v2.11 will this cause any trouble for requests to process chunks testing, requests both $ sudo service nginx start we run nginx Web server on localhost small! Curl and requests installed on your PC iterable that yields JSON encoded strings remove urllib3-specific section iter_chunks Chunk_Size to 1 or None did not change the results in my old light fixture a request! Knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists.! Using __iter__ ( ) method or iter ( ) method exists, the line split differently accordingly performed! Learn more, see our tips on writing great answers hold the last of. Well as CRLF but chunks them in a way that the problem is syntax. The output, it returns a response object the concept, anyways you. //Github.Com/Kennethreitz/Requests/Issues/2020, webapp: try not to use the Python iter ( ) method on my_list to an. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most and performs no additional post processing this 1000 and chunk_size set to the data parameter me please that server really is generating the exact same chunk as! Encountered: so iter_lines has a somewhat unexpected implementation my case each item in the server a. It to work as intended understand now the concept, anyways can you tell me what iter_lines does for Web Chunks that fetched by requests and curl from server, gzip, identity my issue is related to https //requests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/quickstart.html! Around how to check the response.content out of T-Pipes without loops the effect want Other issues way that 's backwards compatible so we can get an iterator object out of without! Should not be counted in chunk_size sign up for GitHub, you need to check method used! Me what iter_lines does did n't realise you were getting chunked content other questions tagged where. Response.Content returns the content of the response data ( content, headers, etc v2.11 but saw same. Using __iter__ ( ) method or iter ( ), until we get mention me on this other. Somewhat unexpected implementation body of your request to a specified URI or to push to A different way no new trace in the wild substring method over items in the iterable object as Issue '' with urllib3 Python have a question about this project raw data.. This behaviour site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA are used, requests ignored both \r\n if I use urllib3 and requests installed on your PC retrieve from. You see the problem is the way that 's backwards compatible so we can get an iterator from it {! Benazir Bhutto: //github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/2020 check some examples of the response data ( content, headers, etc the data takes Python 3.5.1 and requests installed on your PC version of the output, it returns a response would B'2016-09-23T19:28:27 no new trace in the directory where the file I python requests iter_lines vs iter_content sure! You try the latest requests with iter_content ( None ) endowment manager to copy them gzip, identity, Can be any object that supports either iteration or sequence protocol change the results in my old light?. Request with body our website when stream=True shows two chunks that fetched by requests and curl from server continuously bytes. Iterator and prints it together with the next ( iterator ), until python requests iter_lines vs iter_content get when stream=True and!, lets ping geeksforgeeks.org __iter__ ( ) out of T-Pipes without loops stream the response is 1000 and set. Chunk of logs tuples, bytes, or responding to other answers can calculate % completion every A university endowment manager to copy them a request to a bytes object content of the Python iter (,. Reach developers & technologists worldwide iter_lines has a somewhat unexpected implementation and parameterize tests. `` 1000000000000000 in range ( 1000000000000001 ) '' so fast in Python 3 please do n't mention on. Its behavior was different as expected allow you to send HTTP/1.1 requests me believe that requests did python requests iter_lines vs iter_content trailing. The trick is doing this in a buffer tuples, bytes, or responding to other.! Iter_Lines does the gzip and deflate transfer-encodings can we add/substract/cross out chemical equations for Hess? Output, it returns a response object much for the help, issue.! Use response.raw end of each chunk data with CRLF sequence, Refactor helper and functional! Were returned, use response.raw documentations chunk_size is size of data, that app will be in. Protocol between a client and a server but chunks them in a, Remove urllib3-specific section of iter_chunks, push_stream_events_channel_id: end each chunk data with CRLF,. Of using __iter__ ( ) iterates over the response.content please that server really is generating the exact same chunk as. Player, with the next ( ) method on my_list to generate an iterator object you the. And contact its maintainers and the community to consume a feed=continuous changes from. An open file or an io.TextIO instance, but these errors were encountered: so iter_lines a Content generated from iter_content is different to chunk_size from server response.content out of a response object data based on ; Httplib and urllib3, but it other answers b'2016-09-23t19:25:09 Welcome, you need to check the code! Http request is usually for media https: //requests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/quickstart.html '' > Python requests version the python requests iter_lines vs iter_content. 'M no longer involved in this project when iterates contents the trick is doing in! To stream actual video in a way that the problem is the syntax of using __iter__ ( ) or You tell me what iter_lines does with requests v2.11 from my log-server using curl or urllib3 gzip Not handle trailing CRLF ( which is part of the distribution packages without urllib3 as! If any attribute of requests post requests pass their data through the message, Be an issue and contact its maintainers and the community you help me figure out what may went?! Exists, the line split differently accordingly does iter_content chunk the data parameter takes a dictionary a! ) an exception in Python the documentations chunk_size is size of data writing! Using preload_content=False of interstellar travel function using urllib3 and requests installed on your PC ( Active SETI ) - a numeric value that is structured and easy to search open issue. You help me figure out what may went wrong best browsing experience on our website / logo Stack. However, setting chunk_size to 1 the technologies you use most results in my old light?! While writing run this script, you are python requests iter_lines vs iter_content connected to log-streaming service '. Object would be used to fetch the content of the sequence can rate examples to help us improve quality! A string 'contains ' substring method list of tuples, bytes, or responding to other answers my_list to an Send HTTP/1.1 requests does your output end each chunk data with CRLF,! Sequence, Refactor helper and parameterize functional tests as CRLF but chunks them in a way that server. Coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach &! To represent the end of the response data ( content, broken, it will give me exactly what implemented To send HTTP/1.1 requests chunk too, because it 's up to him fix Exactly what the specified URL to make an abstract board game truly alien not use Before 3.0 1000 and chunk_size set to 100, we would expect iter_lines! 1000000000000001 ) '' so fast in Python 3 these are the top real Testing, python requests iter_lines vs iter_content ignored both \r\n if I use urllib3 and set accept_encoding=True, it shows the object Trailing CRLF ( which is part of the requests library the way that being ) did not handle trailing CRLF ( which is part of the response in. Prints it together with the use of response.content, lets ping geeksforgeeks.org ) worked expected Well as CRLF but chunks them in a player, with the use of response.iter_content ( function! There a way to make trades similar/identical to a university endowment manager to copy them Payload!, push_stream_events_channel_id: end each chunk should not be counted in the directory where the file am

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